Scrapes, bumps, and tumbles are part of growing up. But when a minor injury becomes a medical emergency, knowing how to respond can make all the difference. For parents and caregivers, understanding child safety and basic first aid isn't just helpful—it's essential. Children are naturally curious and often unaware of potential dangers around them. Their […]
Australian guidelines standardise the ratio across age groups: Adults: 30 compressions to 2 breaths Children: 30 compressions to 2 breaths Infants: 30 compressions to 2 breaths There is no distinction between single or multiple rescuers in CPR ratio for infants under ARC guidelines.
Originally, CPR was taught using A–B–C (Airway, Breathing, Circulation). Today, the approach has shifted to C–A–B to prioritise chest compressions: C: Begin compressions immediately A: Open the airway B: Give rescue breaths if trained ARC promotes this simplified and effective method.
A well-performed CPR cycle includes: 100–120 chest compressions per minute One cycle = 30 compressions + 2 breaths (approx. 24 seconds) Approx. 2.5 full cycles per minute Aim for quality over quantity—deep, fast, and uninterrupted compressions are key.
Circulation: Keep blood moving with chest compressions. Oxygenation: Use rescue breaths to provide vital oxygen to the lungs and bloodstream. Defibrillation: Restore a normal heart rhythm with an AED when required. CPR works best when these elements are delivered in combination.
CPR may be discontinued if any of the following occur: Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) Rescuer exhaustion – when you are physically unable to continue Environmental danger – scene becomes unsafe Medical professional takes over A legally binding advance directive (e.g. a Do Not Resuscitate order) These criteria help protect the patient and responder and […]
These five actions represent the key components of CPR delivery: Ensure safety for all involved. Open the airway using head-tilt-chin-lift. Check for breathing, watching the chest and listening for airflow. Start compressions, applying firm, fast compressions in the centre of the chest. Provide rescue breaths (if trained), ensuring chest rise. Consistent training ensures readiness when […]
Australian CPR guidelines (ARC) are as follows: Perform 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths. Push to a depth of one-third of the chest (approx. 5cm in adults). Maintain a compression rate of 100–120 per minute. Minimise interruptions to compressions. Allow full chest recoil between compressions. Use an AED as soon as possible. High-quality compressions are […]
The 3 C’s help guide immediate actions when encountering a medical emergency: Check: Assess the environment and the victim’s condition. Call: Contact emergency services (000) and report the situation. Care: Begin CPR and provide appropriate first aid until help arrives. Following this order ensures an effective and calm response in high-pressure situations.
The Australian CPR sequence prioritises compressions early to maintain circulation: Check for Danger Check for a Response Send for help by calling 000 Open the Airway Check for Breathing Begin CPR: 30 compressions to 2 breaths Apply Defibrillator when available This order—known as DRSABCD—is supported by evidence-based research and endorsed by the Australian Resuscitation Council.